Linux Nginx安装(wget方式)
Nginx
linux 版本的安装与使用
安装
- 1. #安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel
- 2. #安装 PCRE PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。
mkdir -p /usr/local/bin/pcre
cd /usr/local/bin/pcre
# https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/
wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.44.tar.gz
# 解压pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.44.tar.gz
#进入安装包目录
cd pcre-8.44
# 配置编译
./configure
make && make install
#查看pcre版本
pcre-config --version
- 3. #安装 Nginx
# 下载
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx1
cd /usr/local/nginx1
# https://nginx.org/en/download.html
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.0.tar.gz
# 解压
tar vxzf nginx-1.20.0.tar.gz
# 编译
cd nginx-1.20.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/bin/pcre/pcre-8.44
make && make install
# 删除旧文件
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx1
#软链
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
配置
# 全局模板
# user 指定运行 nginx 的用户和组(第一个参数为用户第二个为组,这里只有用户)
#user nobody;
# 指定工作进程数(一般设置为CPU核数)
worker_processes 1;
# 指定错误日志为 logs/ 目录下的 error.log 文件
#error_log logs/error.log;
# 指定错误日志,并指定写入格式为 notice
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
# 指定错误日志,并指定写入格式为 info
#error_log logs/error.log info;
# 指定 pid 文件(存放主进程 pid 号)
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
# nginx 连接配置模块
events {
# 指定每个工作进程最大连接数为 1024
worker_connections 1024;
}
# http 配置模块
http {
# 通过 include 加载 mime.types 文件,里面的 types {} 模块将文件扩展名映射到响应的 MIME 类型
include mime.types;
# 定义响应的默认 MIME 类型
default_type application/octet-stream;
# 写入格式 main 的内容格式如下
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
# 指定访问日志和写入格式为 main
#access_log logs/access.log main;
# 启用或者禁用 sendfile()
sendfile on;
# 启用或者禁用使用套接字选项(仅在 sendfile 使用时使用)
#tcp_nopush on;
# 0 值禁用保持活动的客户端连接
#keepalive_timeout 0;
# 65 s 超时
keepalive_timeout 65;
# 启用或者禁用 gzip
#gzip on;
# 虚拟主机配置模块
server {
# 监听 80 端口
listen 80;
# 监听域名为 localhost
server_name localhost;
# 将指定的 charset 添加到 “Content-Type” 响应头字段。如果此charset与source_charset指令中指定的charset不同,则执行转换。
#charset koi8-r;
# 指定该虚拟主机的访问日志
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
# 将特定的文件或目录重新定位,如 php 文件,image 目录等
location / {
# 设置请求的根目录
root html;
# 定义索引,按顺序匹配
index index.html index.htm;
}
# 定义显示 404 错误的 uri
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location 精准匹配 '/50x.html'
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
# 正则表达式匹配 php 文件
#location ~ \.php$ {
# 设置代理服务器的协议和地址,以及应该映射位置的可选URI。作为协议,可以指定“http”或“https”。该地址可以指定为一个域名或IP地址,以及一个可选端口
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# 设置 FastCGI 服务器的地址。地址可以指定为一个域名或 IP 地址,以及一个端口
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# 设置将在以斜杠结尾的URI之后追加的文件名,
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# 设置一个应该传递给FastCGI服务器的参数。
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# 加载 conf/fastcgi_params 文件
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
# ssl 配置,要启用 ssl 模块需要在编译 nginx 时加上 --with-http_ssl_module 参数
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
$ vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# jjh default
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
使用
nginx -v
域名配置
反向代理服务器
- 支持http 和 https
# {0} 二级域名 {1} 主域名 {2} 域名脚 {3} 代理的地址 ip+port
upstream {0}_{1}_{2} { # www_baidu_com
server {3}; # localhost:8080
keepalive 2000;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name {0}.{1}.{2}; # www.baidu.com
client_max_body_size 1024M;
location / {
proxy_pass http://{0}_{1}_{2}; # www_baidu_com
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
}
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
#ssl on;
server_name {0}.{1}.{2}; # www.baidu.com
client_max_body_size 1024M;
ssl_certificate #pem;
ssl_certificate_key #key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4; #使用此加密套件
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; #使用该协议进行配置
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
proxy_pass http://{0}_{1}_{2}; # www_baidu_com
add_header Content-Security-Policy upgrade-insecure-requests;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect http:// https://;
client_max_body_size 10M;
}
}
网站
# {0} 二级域名 {1} 主域名 {2} 域名脚 {3} 存放网站文件的目录
server {
listen 80;
server_name {0}.{1}.{2}; # www.baidu.com
client_max_body_size 1024M;
location / {
root /var/project/{3}; # baidu
index index.html;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
}
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name {0}.{1}.{2}; # www.baidu.com
client_max_body_size 1024M;
ssl_certificate #pem;
ssl_certificate_key #key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;#使用此加密套件
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; #使用该协议进行配置
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
root /var/project/{3}; # baidu
index index.html;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect https:// http://;
}
}
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